Intellectual Irrigation Management in Mining Frozen Farming in Azerbaijan - Juniper publishers
Journal of Trends in Technical and Scientific Research
Abstract
This article examines the current state of soil and
water resources, farmland t.ch.i Azerbaijan Republic, the problem of
progressive water and wind soil degradation, the need for the
organization of agriculture, taking into account the introduction of
automated control systems for irrigation using water saving technology
and hardware equipment in it, the study of the characteristics and
analysis of experience implementing measures to stabilize ecological and
drainage system of agriculture in conditions of insufficient moisture
areas in the country, as well as basic aspects of development of
environmental reclamation approach balanced, rational use of a
particular system of crop rotation and crop taking into account the
requirements of economic development and environmental management.
Keywords: Irrigation; Technology; Degradation; Automated management of low-intensity zones; Agriculture
Abbreviations: CC: Communications Controller; TP: Transform Point; HB: Humidity BETA; DB: Data Base
Introduction
The main directions of economic and social
development of the Republic is the characteristic intensify agricultural
production. A powerful tool for the intensification of agricultural
production in the face of his specialization is irrigation. In areas of
insufficient moistening (especially typical for mountainous areas)
irrigation is one of the decisive factors of the cultivation of high and
stable yields of agricultural crops.
The purpose of the study
For this purpose, requires the development of new
technical solutions and the introduction of automated systems of low
irrigation of crops eligible for Ecology and environment Wednesday to
improve their environmental condition of irrigated lands, reduce water
consumption per unit products and increase the productivity of those or
other crops on irrigated field.
Research methods and moves the discussion
Irrigated soil in Azerbaijan covers 1.45 thousand
hectares. It is believed that factors directly affecting the fascination
with crop yields and productivity in this area per hectare of arable
land and agricultural land at minimal cost, labor and funds also apply
automation application.
Automated irrigation increases the effectiveness of
all factors intensifying: Chemistry, integrated mechanization, intensive
technology upgrade, etc. It allows you to create a large zone of
guaranteed crop production.
Objects of study
The object of the study is to explore and create the
correct methods for regulating water use and supply of plants by means
of irrigation in regardless of weather conditions. To this end, we have
developed and introduced into production design systems of automated
management systems for irrigation of low- Micro-tailings of
self-oscillating action action, successfully passing the resource tested
test on vydelochnyh soils under Orchard, Lip-Hachmasskoj area on the
foothills of the Mountain above level at an altitude of 600 metres sea
with sloping terrain 0.02. (see the concept of impulse systems rain
avtokolebatelnogo actions with automated controls.
Construction and functional description of the CMO AY
so for operational control of the weather conditions in the region
needed to meet the challenges of planning and operational irrigation
management crop fields at the local gidrometeopunkte are set measurement
sensors with probes for telemetric measurement taking the readings the
main parameters:
a. Wind speed-V analog signal (Titus) with period recording of parameter values in the cycle of 30minutes.
b. Air temperature-tv, analog signal (Titus) with
period recording of parameter values in the cycle 30min. in)
humidity-Wb, analog signal (Titus) with period recording of parameter
values in the cycle of 30 minutes.
c. The reading parameter values in the
telemetricheskom code is done smart object controller (to) established
in paragraph transformer via a radio channel which communicates with
sensors-converters.
Ko otschitannye telemetry signals codes undergo
preliminary processing, homogenization and written to main memory, which
stores prior to their taking the readings the Communications Controller
(CC) that is installed in the premises of the operational control
technology process (ASMO)-operator. For monitoring and control of
electricity supply facilities and power consumption accounting to ASMO
Transform Point (TP) (see structural concept of APCS for irrigation)
installed transmitters:
a. Voltage measuring input) in TP-U (analog signal (Titus);
b. Measurement load consumers-I U (analog signal (Titus);
c. Electricity metering)-Wh (discrete signal integrated- TII;
d. Control switch settings (enable-disable consumers)- SS (discrete signal position SHH).
Report parameter values in the telemetricheskom code
is performed by intelligent object controller (KO) of local wire and
after their initial processing and averaging is written into RAM. For
monitoring and control technological process of abstraction, clarifiers
(wastewater treatment plant) and pumping stations (devices increase the
water pressure in the pipes) installed transmitters listed in
structurally-functional schema:
a. Water turbidity in the ponds-m (analog signal loop to read Titus, 30min);
b. Water level in chambers-ponds-n (analog signal
TITUS, read in a loop 30min) in water pressure-r installed on discharge
pumps, modular and distribution reservoirs (analog signal TITUS, read in
a loop 30 min);
Load dimensions electric motors-I (analog signal TITUS, read in a loop 30min);
a. Provisions of valves-PZ (discrete signal SHH, readable in cycle 1);
b. Power switches) Regulations-VP (discrete signal SHH, readable in cycle 1);
c. Alarms-AU (discrete signal TCA, readable in cycle 1 with priority);
Water metering pumps and supplied in the distribution pipeline-Q (integrated signal TII, processed in the cycle of 1:00).
Soil monitoring and process control of irrigation is
carried out according to the specific fields of irrigation based on
measurements of the agro physical and technological parameter
sensors-converters: and soil moisture) VLP-(analog signal TITUS with a
30min cycle);
a. Evaporation from soil surfaces-Exec (analog signal
TITUS with a 30min cycle); soil temperature) t°-(analog signal TITUS
with a 30min cycle);
b. Water consumption irrigation on distribution pipeline plot-Q-(integrated signal with a 30min cycle);
c. Inclusion of the GKS-discrete signal readable in a cycle of 30s;
d. Position switching valves-(discrete signal read-SHH 30c).
Report telemetricheskom signal code is performed by
intelligent object field radio communications controller and after their
initial processing and averaging processor is written into RAM.
Enter operational data into the computer and the formation of a database (ODB)
Recorded in the memory controller objects (to) data
are programmatically by radio and wire Communications Controller (CC)
connected to your computer Tower (PD) (see circuit diagram system
intensity of irrigation and automated controls), according to the
specified rules and written in his memory in the structure of the
telemetry files (see information provision).
Computer exchange programs plays the data from RAM to
the COP, trans code them and writes into the database from which
displays them in real time on the display mnemoshemah, and after
linearized and averaging the data on their codes programmatically are
recorded in the cumulative base structure which provides information,
and this generates a data bank complex tasks ASMO [1].
Information flows of the Automated System of low- level (ASMO)
Before writing to the Bank data stream measurement
data analyzed by specified algorithms and when the results of the
analysis, with deviations from the values specified in the rules of the
installations is operational control (OBU) process. Operating base
control programmatically at the specified in the rules of the cycle is
counted by the management module on technology directions and if there
are deviations in the data records for this activity generates a control
signal to the appropriate the executive body.
Organization of the collection and transmission of data on the Internet channels
Conditions for organization of data exchange
Data Interchange on the work of the system of irrigation is carried out via the Internet
To do this, you must connect through a computer modem
to the telephone network and earn the right to Internet access through
an Internet service provider. This requirement applies to each
Subscriber. If these conditions are met, the computer ' The Center can
communicate with computers on the sections of the irrigation districts
of Azerbaijan and other States is the site irrigation system, where
visitors will see: the latest system state data, interactive pages,
created by PHP technology, rapid exchange of data and messages in real
time.
Using Skype 3 users can talk on the phone and when
using cameras to see each other, and when streaming video programs-view
the status of the site. When measurements of parameters, it is necessary
to take into account the dispersion of available measured values. The
value of the parameter, which can be taken for the actual probability of
0.8, is determined by the number of repetitions of measurements is
defined by the formula.
Where,
n = 0.8
(Tr)-number of retries, the measurements meet the probability 0.8;
m-0.8 (tr)-measurement accuracy (mm)
SB-standard error of measurement %
b (HB) W (HB)-moisture reserves, mm
When humidity b (HB) in the control layer (h) (a), m.
The source (start) Measurement of soil moisture and the calculation of the initial moisture reserves in the soil W0
General description of the task: Original moisture reserves W0 soil in the active layer defined by the formula:
Where,
h (a) is an active soil layer, m (it is assumed that the active layer of the soil is divided into layers of 0.20m -0.30)
γ is the average density of soil layer, t/m3 entry in program code-gamma_sr.
βτ-soil moisture at field station in% to mass of dry
soil in the program code recording the moment-(Veta_tau). For automated
definition starting soil moisture reserves come from the fact that the
value (Veta_tau) is defined βτ measure humidity, it is installed on a
stretch of fields on n0, 8 (tr) measurements (write in code, n_0 8 ex).
The measured values are automatically written to the
parameter file DataPar.dbf data bank on N_code element parameter belongs
(see. (c) special section ' Dataware » ) [2].
To specify the conditions for the calculation of the value of the
conditionally required variables are written in the job (see. ZADANIE_3
information).
Defining the value of starting (the original) soil
moisture deficit is determined programmatically moisture reserves and
necessary rules. Results of solution of the problem is written to the
output document DOC_3 and plotted on the graph.
Description of the algorithm in accordance with the
task of determining soil moisture and moisture reserves on a plot of
field irrigation (see information provision 'ZADAN1E_3). Searching for
values from the database (from the section information management):
-parameter values automatically read from a file DataPar.dbf on N_code
element parameter belongs; -the value of the N_code element is read from
the file ELEM. Dbf on key: SL_SYST + SSYST + SL_MODYLE + SL_GROUP +
SL_VID + SL_ TYPE.
Formation of a look up key for N_code (see
instructions to the operator) and select SL_SYST.dbf) from a file system
to which the parameter element.
b) from file SL_SSYST.dbf to select subsystem.in) from a file + SL_MODYLE.-module dbf.
g) from the file SL_GROUP.dbf-the group to which an item belongs measured parameter.
d) from the file SL_V1D.dbf-element kind of measured parameter.
(e)) of the file item type TYPE.dbf SL_ measured parameter.
f) NAME is the NAME of the element is entered from the keyboard;
If the elements identified by coupling multiple (see. ZADANIE_3, write
4), then each of them is assigned a position number.
The item number is appended to the name through the separator [_]-(NAME_1 >). For formed coupling is TLS_X. dbfN_ code.
From DataPar.dbf to N_code + Zdate and <PARAM>
parameter name in ZADAN1E_3 (+) programmatically is its ZNACH value for
each field.
i. The obtained values of parameters-moisture content
at the specified date, or BETA_tau stocks of moisture on the specified
date W (tau) for each section of a field are written to the output DOC. 3
see layouts output documents ' Supply of moisture on irrigation fields »
After identifying the BETA_tau moisture or soil moisture reserve W
(tau) is defined or moisture deficit soil moisture reserve [2-4].
Where,
BETA_ (HB)- from SF_Plot.dbf and ConSoil.dbf; BETA_tau- from the 4.2.3.
Moisture deficit values are automatically written to the output DOC dokumnt. 3
b) If for ZADANIE_3 is determined by the supply of
moisture in soil W (tau) and of DataPar.dbf found its value, reserve
moisture deficit moisture while the smallest capacity dW (HB) is equal
to:
Where is
W (HB)-from SF _ Plot . dbf and
ConSoil.dbf; W_tau-from the 4.2.3
After identifying data for each of the specified
sites field is determined; and average value) BETA_AV humidity and soil
moisture reserves generally W_AV on the field:
Where is
n is the number of balanced plots involved per- from ZADANIE _3, 4 entry;
(BETA _ tau )i -soil moisture is relatively dry soil from 4.2.1 for each plot.
b) if defined (W_tau), the average soil moisture reserve the entire field
g) the average value stock deficit soil moisture fields:
Calculated values in clause 4.2.3 a),),),) are automatically written to the string < averaging field..... >.
d) Defined e in items 4.5 and 6 DOC. 3 bar chart displays the parameter values 'supply of moisture on the field irrigation»
e) after seeing the DOC. 3 prompted < Will solve
the problem for other fields on this date >. <Дa>, <HeT>.
When you type <Дa> < message, type the name of the field and
economy in ZADANIE_3 > ZADANIE and displayed for data entry.
4.2.4 If the database parameter value specified in
ZADANIE_3, it displays an < Value specified in the ZADANIE parameters
in the database are missing. Will measure these parameters?.
<Дa>, <HeT>. If <Дa> then go to
4.2.1. If <HeT>, then the solution of the problem of consummated and exit the menu.
4.2.5 before starting measurements determines the
number of dimensions at each site provides the probability computed
value not less than 0.8 at minimum cost of labour on measuring n_0, 8Ex:
Where, is
SIG_B-set the value of the standard error in percent;
Beta (HB)-from ZADANIE_3;-W (HB)-supply of moisture in the soil, in mm
when Humidity BETA(HB) of the SF_Plot.dbf;-h is the depth of the soil
layer (mm), which should be dimension.
4.2.6 Perform n_0, 8Ex measurements specified
ZADANIE_3 parameter, row 2 on each site and write to DataPar.dbf to N_
code, Zdate, Ztime.
4.2.7. Calculate the mean value of the measurements of (make a selection from DataPar.dbf to N_code + Zdate.
Average soil moisture reserve W_AV is equal to:
Where,
W _ 0.8 Ex -the value of the stock of moisture each
dimension selected in item 4.2.6 (If measured soil moisture BETA_0, 8Ex,
the average humidity BETA_AVas well:
Where is
BETA_0, 8 Ex-the value soil moisture for each measurement computed values to assign:
a) W_AV: = W (tau);?
b) VETA_AV: = BETA_tau and write to output DOC. 3 as in 4.2.1 and 4.2.2 as; 4.2.3.
4.2.8 Filled DOC. 3 is written to the folder that you
want to send through the channels of the Internet. Programme codes are
shown in a separate annex.
Conclusion
The study identified possible operational solving complex problems of an operational definition of soil- conservation settings.
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